{"id":5982,"date":"2025-07-01T19:31:09","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T16:31:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kakisalmimuseo.fi\/?page_id=5982"},"modified":"2025-07-01T21:01:19","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T18:01:19","slug":"lahto-evakkoon-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kakisalmimuseo.fi\/en\/kakisalmi-museo\/lahto-evakkoon-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Evacuated from K\u00e4kisalmi \u2013 The arduous road of a Karelian town 1939\u20131944"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Evacuated from K\u00e4kisalmi \u2013 the arduous road of a Karelian town 1939\u20131944<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/h1>

The first evacuation before the Winter War (autumn 1939)<\/h5>

When the threat of the Winter War became apparent in autumn 1939, the residents of K\u00e4kisalmi were ordered to be evacuated to Ostrobothnia.<\/p>

  • The townspeople<\/strong> was placed in \u00c4ht\u00e4ri.<\/p><\/li>

  • Rural municipality residents<\/strong> we were directed to Ylistaro, Lapua and Nurmo.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

    In \u00c4ht\u00e4ri, livelihoods were scarce, and many families moved closer to Southern Finland on their own accord. By the summer of 1940, only about 500 to 600 people from K\u00e4kisalmi were still living in their official evacuation locality. The plains and marshy lands of Ostrobothnia were a strange living environment for the Karelians, which increased the difficulty of adaptation.<\/p>

    Care Committees \u2013 Temporary Administration in a New Environment (April 1940)<\/h5>

    The administration of the municipalities in the ceded Karelian territories was organised management committees<\/strong> wards, which were lighter in structure than the former councils.<\/p>
    Board of Management<\/th>Chairperson<\/th>Other members<\/th>Location<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    K\u00e4kisalmi town<\/strong><\/td>August K\u00e4r\u00e4v\u00e4<\/td>Arvo Helle, Jaakko Kuntsi, Juho Martikainen, K.\u202fV. P\u00e4lvi<\/td>Heinola (branch office in \u00c4ht\u00e4ri)<\/td><\/tr>
    K\u00e4kisalmi rural municipality<\/strong><\/td>Antti Vuohelainen<\/td>Ferdinand Andersin, Simo Ulaska, Tahvo Rahkonen, Juho Tontti<\/td>Heinola, Hartola, Sysm\u00e4, part of Asikkala<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    The city board relocated its operations to Heinola after its very first meeting. Heinola resembled K\u00e4kisalmi in many ways: the flowing Jyr\u00e4ng\u00f6nvirta rapids were reminiscent of the Vuoksi, and wood processing provided work.<\/p>

    \"\"

    The families of Juho P\u00e4rssinen and Iida and Matti K\u00e4rn\u00e4, who returned to Norsijoki in April 1942, with their repatriation allowance.<\/p><\/div>

    Return and reconstruction at the beginning of the Continuation War (1941\u20131943)<\/h5>

    Finnish troops recaptured K\u00e4kisalmi in August 1941, but the town was almost entirely destroyed: only about 60 buildings<\/strong> could be repaired for residential use, bridges and underpasses had been blown up. Reconstruction began briskly, and the railway connection was opened as early as 27.1.1942.<\/p>

    The rural municipality had survived the Winter War with less damage. Returnees were lured back to secure the nation's food supply. By the end of 1942, the countryside was already home to over 3,800 people<\/strong> (men, women and children). There were 3,156 hectares of arable land under cultivation, and cooperative stores and private shops opened their doors. Faith in the future was reflected, for example, in the modern mill in Norsjoki and the renovation of the sawmill.<\/p>

    Second evacuation during the major offensive (June 1944)<\/h5>

    \"\"Following the start of the Soviet major offensive in June 1944, a new and more precise evacuation plan was initiated.<\/p>

    • Evacuation managers<\/strong>: in the town Arvo Tenkanen, in the rural municipality Antti Vuohelainen (replaced due to illness by Simo Ulaska).<\/p><\/li>

    • Voluntary departure by bus to Savonlinna began immediately after the attack started; on 20\u201323 June 1944 the evacuation expanded into a full-scale operation.<\/p><\/li>

    • Townspeople gathered at the Hakala bomb shelter and were loaded onto trains \u2013 rural municipality residents were transferred by cars to Parikkala and from there onto the railways.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

      New investment locations<\/h5>
      Population group<\/th>Destination in Ostrobothnia<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      City<\/td>Sein\u00e4joki rural municipality<\/td><\/tr>
      Rural municipality<\/td>Alavus, Per\u00e4sein\u00e4joki, T\u00f6ys\u00e4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

      Lorry convoys transported movable property to Simpele, from where trains took the goods further to stops in Ostrobothnia. Not all loads reached their destination, but the attempt was determined.<\/p>

      Final surrender and a new beginning (autumn 1944)<\/h5>

      • 19.9.1944<\/strong> \u2013 Finland and the Soviet Union signed an armistice agreement.<\/p><\/li>

      • 21.9.1944<\/strong> \u2013 The last civilians arrived safely in Ostrobothnia.<\/p><\/li>

      • 23.\u201324.9.1944<\/strong> \u2013 K\u00e4kisalmi was ceded to the Soviet Union.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

        Karelians had to start yet another new life as evacuees. Heinola, Southern H\u00e4me and the municipalities of Ostrobothnia became a permanent home for many, and Karelian culture took firm root in the new landscapes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        K\u00e4kisalmesta evakkoon \u2013 karjalaiskaupungin raskas tie 1939\u20131944 Ensimm\u00e4inen evakuointi talvisodan alla (syksy 1939) Kun talvisodan uhka k\u00e4vi ilmeiseksi syksyll\u00e4 1939, k\u00e4kisalmelaiset m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ttiin v\u00e4est\u00f6nsiirtoon Pohjanmaalle. Kaupungin v\u00e4ki sijoitettiin \u00c4ht\u00e4riin. Maalaiskuntalaiset ohjattiin Ylistaroon, Lapualle ja Nurmoon. \u00c4ht\u00e4riss\u00e4 toimeentulo oli niukkaa, ja monet perheet hakeutuivat itsekseen l\u00e4hemm\u00e4s Etel\u00e4\u2011Suomea. Kes\u00e4ll\u00e4 1940 en\u00e4\u00e4 noin 500\u2013600 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5993,"parent":966,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5982","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nK\u00e4kisalmesta evakkoon \u2013 Karjalaiskaupungin raskas tie 1939\u20131944 - K\u00e4kisalmi museo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kakisalmimuseo.fi\/en\/kakisalmi-museo\/lahto-evakkoon-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00e4kisalmesta evakkoon \u2013 Karjalaiskaupungin raskas tie 1939\u20131944 - K\u00e4kisalmi museo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"K\u00e4kisalmesta evakkoon \u2013 karjalaiskaupungin raskas tie 1939\u20131944 Ensimm\u00e4inen evakuointi talvisodan alla (syksy 1939) Kun talvisodan uhka k\u00e4vi ilmeiseksi syksyll\u00e4 1939, k\u00e4kisalmelaiset m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ttiin v\u00e4est\u00f6nsiirtoon Pohjanmaalle. 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